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Intraoperative use of lateral spread response measurement in the upper orbicularis oculi and mandibular muscles in patients with hemifacial spasm after botulinum toxin treatment

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-025-06570-z

Published Online: 2025-06-10

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Amano, Yuki

Asayama, Bunsho

Noro, Shusaku

Abe, Takenori

Okuma, Masahiro

Nomura, Ryota

Honjo, Kaori

Seo, Yoshinobu

Nakamura, Hirohiko
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Article History

Received: 20 December 2024

Accepted: 18 May 2025

First Online: 10 June 2025

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Nakamura Memorial Hospital (approval number: 2024100101) and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Informed consent was obtained from all patients.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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