Barrit, Sami
Ranuzzi, Giovanni
Fetzer, Steffen
Al Barajraji, Mejdeddine
Hadwe, Salim El
Zanello, Marc
Ortler, Martin
O’Flaherty, Julieta
Massager, Nicolas
Madsen, Joseph R.
Dibué, Maxine
Carron, Romain
Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Accepted: 7 July 2025
First Online: 25 July 2025
Change Date: 18 August 2025
Change Type: Update
Change Details: "Martin Otler" should be read "Martin Ortler". The original article has been updated accordingly.
Change Date: 21 August 2025
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-025-06649-7
Declarations
:
: This study did not involve human subjects requiring ethical approval, as it focused on [brief description of study methodology—e.g., educational assessment, device evaluation, etc.] without direct patient involvement.
: No patient consent was required for this study as no patients were directly involved in the research. The study participants were physicians attending a professional masterclass setting, and their participation was voluntary and professional in nature.
: Given the nature of this study, which did not involve human subjects research requiring ethical oversight, IRB approval was waived.
: Conflict of Interest Statement: The authors Giovanni Ranuzzi, Steffen Fetzer, Julieta O'Flaherty, and Maxine Dibué are employees of LivaNova PLC, which funded the study. Sami Barrit and Romain Carron serve as proctors and consultants for LivaNova PLC. Sami Barrit, Mejdeddine Al Barajraji, and Salim El Hadwe are affiliated with Sciense, an organization focused on open-source, decentralized science initiatives. Sciense, through its nonprofit foundation Consciense, provided computational infrastructure and technical support for the AI system implementation as part of its dedicated AI research support program. The authors would like to acknowledge any potential conflicts related to their involvement in developing the AI-driven platform used in this study. The study was conducted with independence of scientific inquiry, though readers should consider these relationships when evaluating the findings. All data analysis and interpretation were performed independently of commercial interests.