Laustsen, Aske Foldbjerg https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3552-1346
Grønbæk, Jonathan Kjær https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7170-422X
Frič, Radek https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4267-0542
Avula, Shivaram https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1742-7206
Mallucci, Conor
Nilsson, Pelle
Nyman, Per https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-431X
Hauser, Péter https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-8975
Mudra, Katalin
Kiudeliene, Rosita https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3124-9311
Ročka, Saulius https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9715-641X
Hjort, Magnus Aasved https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9455-3110
Brandsma, Rick https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7166-2242
Hoving, Eelco
Carai, Andrea https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-7855
Beneš, Vladimír https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6889-857X
Táborská, Jana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3901-2223
Dorfer, Christian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1843-7732
Jacobs, Sandra
Pavon-Mengual, Miriam https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9983-0780
Skjøth-Rasmussen, Jane https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8689-9704
Schmiegelow, Kjeld https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0829-4993
Sehested, Astrid https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4450-3539
Mathiasen, René https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3782-7776
Juhler, Marianne https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2652-7495
Funding for this research was provided by:
Børnecancerfonden
Barncancerfonden
Dagmar Marshalls Fond
Kræftens Bekæmpelse
National Hospital
Article History
Received: 1 August 2025
Accepted: 2 September 2025
First Online: 22 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The European CMS study received approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Capital Region in Denmark (H-6–2014–002). All procedures performed in the study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Research Ethics Committee of the Capital Region in Denmark and adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: The authors declare no competing interests related to this work.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants or their legal guardians prior to their inclusion in the study.