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Authors
Kinnunen, Janne https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0592-3184
Putaala, Jukka
Marinkovic, Ivan
Satopää, Jarno
Niemelä, Mika
Vataja, Risto
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Maire Taponen Foundation
HUS competitive research funding
University of Helsinki
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Article History
Received: 29 August 2025
Accepted: 4 October 2025
First Online: 18 October 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District (HUS). The institutional research permit (HUS/216/2023) stated that the study is not medical research as defined by the Finnish Medical Research Act (488/1999) and therefore consideration by an ethics committee was not required.
: The need for informed patient consent was waived in the Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District (HUS) institutional research permit (HUS/216/2023) due to the retrospective nature of the study where register-based data gathered for routine care without further patient contact were available by the Finnish legislation (Act on the Secondary Use of Health and Social Data 522/2019).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
