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Authors
Sun, Yifei
Howell, Sasha
Laskay, Nicholas M. B.
Juarez, Lucia D.
Vandeberg, B. Grey
Mahavadi, Anil
Tracz, Jovanna
Mooney, James
Godzik, Jakub
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Congress of Neurological Surgeons
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Article History
Received: 29 June 2025
Accepted: 16 October 2025
First Online: 1 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the University of Alabama at Birmingham Institutional Review Board (IRB- 300009309). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Institutional Review Board and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Informed consent was not sought due to the retrospective nature of this study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
