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Authors
Shah, Varun S.
Lacanienta, Paolo
Martinez, Orlando
Frances, John
Nguyen, Quang
Azghadi, Adel
Labak, Collin M.
Michas, Christopher
Knox, Zoey
Casto, Will Jr.
Antuna, Alyssa
Zhou, Xiaofei
Bates, Adam
Dornbos, David L. III
Ray, Abhishek
Hu, Yin C.
Xiong, Wei
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Article History
Received: 19 November 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 17 February 2026
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB STUDY20191604) at two academic tertiary-care institutions. The names of the boards are University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center IRB and University of Kentucky Medical Center IRB. This study adheres to ethical guidelines as defined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Due to the retrospective nature of this study the IRB at both above institutions deemed patient consent was not needed to conduct this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
