Tasneem, Khawaja T.
Shahzad, Muhammad Umair
Rashid, Javed
Othman, Kamal M.
Zafar, Tania
Faheem, Muhammad
Funding for this research was provided by:
Technical Research Centre of Finland
Article History
Received: 7 August 2025
Accepted: 13 November 2025
First Online: 20 November 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable. This research paper does not involve human participants or sensitive data requiring ethical approval.
: Not applicable. This research paper does not contain any person’s data in any form.
: The authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI) to enhance the linguistic clarity and grammar of the manuscript. AI was also used to improve the visual resolution and formatting of figures. All substantive intellectual content, analysis, and conclusions remain the work of the authors.
: The authors declare no competing interests.