Zhang, Peng
Xu, Yufeng
Cheng, Qian
Qi, Yue
Qin, Anzhen
Ding, Wenkui
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Research Fund of Arid Meteorology (IAM202317)
the Meteorological Research Project of Gansu Meteorological Bureau (2024rczx-D-QNQHRC-17)
the Meteorological Research Project of Gansu Meteorological Bureau (Zd2024-D-3)
the Science and Technology Program of Wuwei City (WW25Z01SF086)
Article History
Received: 5 March 2025
Accepted: 24 November 2025
First Online: 22 December 2025
Change Date: 27 February 2026
Change Type: Update
Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised: Figures 4a and 4c were overlapping, affecting the paper’s readability and professionalism.
Change Date: 5 March 2026
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-026-06069-2
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.