Trimmel, Simone https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-5392
Schober, Michael
Lube, Johanna A.
Meisel, Thomas C.
Prohaska, Thomas
Irrgeher, Johanna https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3192-0101
Funding for this research was provided by:
Austrian Science Fund (P 33099-N)
Austrian Science Fund (P 34719)
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (20IND01)
Gesellschaft für Forschungsförderung Niederösterreich (GLF21-2-008)
Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft
Montanuniversität Leoben
Article History
Received: 29 October 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 12 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Only honeybees found dead prior to sampling were collected; no living animals were sacrificed or otherwise harmed.