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Authors
Suliman, Mohamed E.
Qureshi, Abdul Rashid
Troise, Dario
Zhang, Qianying
Bárány, Peter
Heimbürger, Olof
Stenvinkel, Peter
Lindholm, Bengt
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Karolinska Institute
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Article History
Received: 13 October 2025
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 8 March 2026
Declarations
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: Bengt Lindholm has been affiliated with Baxter Healthcare Corporation. Peter Stenvinkel is or has been on scientific advisory boards of REATA, Baxter, GSK, Astra Zeneca, Invizius, Behring, and Vifor and educational advisory boards for Astellas and FMC, and received research support from support from Martin Rind Foundation, Heart and Lung Foundation, Njurfonden, and Westmans Foundation. The other authors do not declare any conflicts of interest.
: The protocol of this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Karolinska Institute (EPN) at the Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
: The study was conducted in adherence to the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Informed consent was obtained from each patient and control subject.
