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Article History

Received: 13 November 2023

Accepted: 28 December 2024

First Online: 17 January 2025

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The Medical Ethics Committee of Erasmus Medical Centre declared this study exempt of Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act (also known as WMO) (protocol no. MEC-2020–0852).

: As this was a retrospective study based on pseudonymized information retrieved from medical charts, no informed consent was retrieved from participants. That is, prior to analysis, personal data were replaced by a study number (pseudonymization). The medical charts were only accessed by two members of the medical team directly involved in care, who pseudonymized the data after extraction. This procedure was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Erasmus Medical Centre and is in line with legal regulation in the Netherlands, which obligates hospitals to routinely evaluate provided care and outcome of this care for the purpose of safety and quality of care.

: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interest to disclose.