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Authors
Ohori, Hiroaki
Iwata, Eiji
Ichikawa, Chihiro
Shigeoka, Manabu
Tadokoro, Yoshiaki
Takeda, Daisuke
Kusumoto, Junya
Hasegawa, Takumi
Akashi, Masaya
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kobe University
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Article History
Received: 29 March 2024
Accepted: 24 October 2024
First Online: 5 November 2024
Declarations
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: The study protocol conformed to the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research involving Human Subjects by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) (Kobe University Hospital Ethics Review Committee. No. B210248). As this was a retrospective study, identifiable patient information was removed, and the research plan was published on the homepage of the Kobe University Hospital website, along with an opt-out option in accordance with our IRB instructions.
: For this type of study, formal consent is not required. Informed consent from participants was waived, due to the observational nature study. Instead, the information regarding this study and granted occasions of refusing to participate in this study were published.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
