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Authors
Pan, Jie
Liu, Zhenpeng
Liu, Yixin
Zhang, Yu
Xu, Mengqi
Li, Xiaozhe
Chen, Xianming
Wei, Guangshun
Liu, Dongxu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 82471036)
Zhejiang Xinya Medical Technology Co., Ltd
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Article History
Received: 19 September 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Stomatology, Shandong University (Approval No. 20250715). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and/or their legal guardians.
: All patients gave their written informed consent for publication in the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
