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Authors
Kazarina, Alisa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3602-5261
Vaškevica, Anete
Senkāne, Dārta Elizabete
Zayakin, Pawel
Hušča, Sigita
Vīksne, Kristīne
Pirsko, Valdis
Sokolovska, Lība
Sergejeva, Natalja
Nakurte, Ilva
Pastare, Laura
Ruhl, Stefan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Union Recovery and Resilience Facility and Latvian Council of Science
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Article History
Received: 31 March 2026
Accepted: 27 September 2026
First Online: 3 October 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Approval was granted by the RSU Ethics Committee on 15 April 2024 (No. 2-PĒK-4/356/2024).
Consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable. The manuscript does not include identifiable individual participant data or identifiable images.
Clinical trial registration: Trial registration number: ISRCTN79156900, retrospectively registered on 11 May 2026.
Competing interests: Stefan Ruhl serves as an Editor-in-Chief of Clinical Oral Investigations. To avoid any potential conflict of interest, he should not be involved in the editorial assessment, peer review, or decision-making for this manuscript. The other authors declare no competing interests.
