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Article History

Received: 3 October 2024

Accepted: 18 February 2025

First Online: 18 March 2025

Declarations

:

: KSa is an NIHR Senior Investigator and a member of the NIHR HTA Prioritisation Committee (Primary and Community Based Care) and NIHR Research for Patient Benefit (NIHR – RfPB) East Midlands Regional Advisory Committee. CP is a member of the National Institute of Health and Social Care Research – Research for Patient Benefit (NIHR – RfPB) East Midlands Scientific Advisory Group. AB is employed by CPFT who have supported him to do research work. He has received funding from the Clinical Research Network. He is receiving funding from University College. He is also Chair of the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Specialist Advisory Committee—RCPsych. BD has received payment as an expert witness report on climate change and mental health for defendants against the European parliament. She is chair of the trial steering committee for the SASH self-harm trial. She is a board member and CAMH Editor in Chief ACAMH, Treasurer CAP section Union European Medical Societies. HB received funding from the MRC/MRF and NIHR through an Advanced Fellowship. All other authors declare no conflicts of interests.

: The study was approved by the South Birmingham Research Ethics Committee (Ref. 19/WM/0133) and performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.