Andersson, Johan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2054-7284
Bråhn, Carolina https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7719-9237
Zhai, Hongru https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0014-6786
Mattelin, Erica https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0796-3921
Münger,, Ann-Charlotte https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3599-2671
Korhonen, Laura https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1837-5930
Funding for this research was provided by:
Linköping University
Article History
Received: 11 March 2025
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 8 October 2025
Declarations
:
: JA declares no conflict of interest.CB declares no conflict of interest.HZ declares no conflict of interest.EM has been partly employed by Save the Children, Sweden.ACM declares no conflict of interest.LK heads Barnafrid, the Swedish National Competence Centre on Violence Against Children at Linköping University. Barnafrid has a governmental assignment to disseminate knowledge about violence against children. LK also acknowledges funding from the Swedish Research Council (2018-02623, 2018-05820), Region Östergötland (RÖ-795611, RÖ-897641, RÖ-982104, FORSS-807001), and the EU (project IDs 734791, 101005422, 101056647, 101096768).