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Authors
Fujieda, Masanori https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1125-5707
Yamashita, Masatoshi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-7275
Hamatani, Sayo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7847-6381
Kitagawa, Hitomi
Matsuzaki, Hideo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6869-1261
Yoshida, Tokiko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4410-7163
Sasaki, Tsuyoshi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8502-6469
Sudo, Yusuke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7648-9370
Isobe, Yuko https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2811-6977
Kosaka, Hirotaka https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2210-5025
Tsuchiya, Kenji J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1314-4199
Hirano, Yoshiyuki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3844-3061
Mizuno, Yoshifumi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2209-352X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Fukui
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Article History
Received: 17 March 2026
Accepted: 22 July 2026
First Online: 4 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui (No. 20220061) and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from all parents or legal guardians, and assent was obtained from all participating children.
Consent to publish: The authors affirm that no identifiable individual data are included in this manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
AI statement: Generative AI was used solely to assist with English-language refinement and manuscript editing. All scientific content, study design, data analyses, interpretations, and final manuscript decisions were independently reviewed and approved by the authors.
