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Article History

Received: 13 June 2025

Accepted: 28 September 2025

First Online: 15 October 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kyushu Dental University (approval no.: 24 − 6). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Approval no.: 24 − 6.

: This study was registered at the Ethics Committee of Kyushu Dental University (Trial Registration Number: 24 − 6; Date of registration: November 24th, 2020).