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Article History

Received: 9 February 2020

Accepted: 30 April 2020

First Online: 15 May 2020

Compliance with ethical standards

:

: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

: This research funded solely by the main author (LG Bragais).

: This research protocol was approved by the University of the Philippines Manila Research Ethics Board (UPMREB) and was conducted in accordance with the principles of Data Privacy Act of 2012.

: A waiver of informed consent was granted by the UPMREB panel for the following reasons in accordance to the National Ethical Guidelines of Health and Health-related Research 2017: 1.) The research presents no more than minimal risk and does not involve procedures (e.g. medical interventions) for which informed consent is usually required; 2.) The waiver does not adversely affect the rights and welfare of the participants; and 3.) The research cannot be practicably carried out without the waiver or alteration.