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Authors
Smith, J. R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8365-9921
Kyriakakis, R.
Pressler, M. P.
Fritz, G. D.
Davis, A. T.
Banks-Venegoni, A. L.
Durling, L. T.
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Article History
Received: 3 November 2021
Accepted: 1 March 2022
First Online: 21 March 2022
Declarations
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: The authors declare they have no conflict of interest.
: This research study was conducted retrospectively with the approval of Spectrum Health IRB.
: No animal experiments were performed in this study. Information about study subjects was kept confidential according to the requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA).
: Informed consent for surgery was obtained from each patient. The study only involved analysis of de-identified data, so informed consent of patients was waived by Spectrum Health IRB.
