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Authors
Guadalajara, Hector https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6297-9347
Kaser, Marius
Arellano, Miguel León
Fuertes, Montiel Jiménez
Mahíllo-Fernández, Ignacio
García-Olmo, Damián
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ethicon Endo-Surgery (WC-2023-01)
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Article History
Received: 16 September 2025
Accepted: 2 November 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the institutional review boards of the participating hospitals. Due to the retrospective design and use of anonymized data, individual patient consent was waived.
: Data confidentiality and patient privacy were protected in compliance with EU Regulation 2016/679 (General Data Protection Regulation), Spanish LOPD 3/2018, and Law 41/2002 on patient autonomy. All data were anonymized and stored using coded identifiers.
: The datasets generated and analyzed in this study are not publicly available due to patient privacy regulations but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request and subject to institutional and ethical approvals.
: This study received a financial contribution of €53,000 from Johnson & Johnson MedTech for study development. The funding source had no role in the study design, data analysis, or interpretation of results. The authors declare no other conflicts of interest related to this work. None of the authors are employed by Johnson & Johnson MedTech or any company related to the study intervention.
