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Article History

Received: 2 March 2025

Accepted: 11 September 2025

First Online: 13 October 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable. This study did not involve human participants, animal subjects, or identifiable personal data requiring ethical approval or consent.

: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).

: The Province of Noord-Brabant, Water Authority Aa en Maas, and drinking water company Brabant Water financially supported this research into fault-zone hydrogeology in The Roer Valley Rift System. The corresponding author, on behalf of all the authors, states that these funders did not exert any influence on any aspect of the research.