Li, Xinyue
Chi, Youshen
Cheng, Lin
Shi, Yuliang
Jiang, Qin
Chen, Zhiyong
Li, Hui
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province, China (2025CXPT101)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62506212)
the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (GZC20251641)
Postdoctoral Innovation Program of Shandong Province (SDCX-ZG-202502021)
Shandong Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Application for Livelihood Services (PKL2024A45)
Shandong Higher Education Institution Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence for Future Industries
Article History
Received: 28 October 2025
Accepted: 25 January 2026
First Online: 9 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no Conflict of interest.
: Not applicable
: Not applicable
: Not applicable