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“Smoker’s paradox” in in-hospital outcomes of left ventricular assist device implantation: a population-based analysis of National Inpatient Sample from 2015–2021

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10047-025-01515-w

Published Online: 2025-05-26

Published Print: 2025-12

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Li, Renxi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1691-6278
Prastein, Deyanira J.

Boyce, Steven W.
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-05-26

Version of Record valid from 2025-05-26
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Article History

Received: 28 September 2024

Accepted: 15 May 2025

First Online: 26 May 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

: This study was exempt from the IRB approval by The George Washington University as it analyzed retrospective, deidentified NSQIP data.

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