O’Malley, Callum A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6902-7960
Harris, David J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-3856
Balint, Beata-Noemi
Wilson, Mark R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8145-6971
Clerici, Alison G.
Dudfield, Helen J.
Vine, Samuel J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9329-1262
Article History
Received: 10 September 2024
Accepted: 26 May 2025
First Online: 23 June 2025
Declarations
:
: This study is a product of a collaboration between the University of Exeter and QinetiQ group (project: OIP/23-24/009). QinetiQ group devised and manufactured the extended reality task. Authors B-NB, AGC, and HJD are employed by QinetiQ group. None of these authors took part in the data curation or analysis of data. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in absence of any commercial or financial relationship that would be considered as a potential conflict of interest. For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied a Creative Common Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission.
: The study involved human participants who all provided written informed consent after a cooling period of at least 24 h after receiving the participant information sheet. The study was approved by the institutional ethics board where data collection took place (Application Number: 5886110). Ethical approval was granted before any participants were recruited or participated in the study. All data was anonymised and remained confidential.