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Authors
Qian, Bofan https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6608-0073
Fang, Zhiwen
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Article History
Received: 10 September 2025
Revised: 19 October 2025
Accepted: 17 November 2025
First Online: 22 November 2025
Declarations
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: The Institutional Review Board of the NCHS authorized the survey, and all participants in the NHANES provided their informed consent. The present study was designed and implemented in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: None.
