Yamashita, Yu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7071-5667
Maeda, Kazuhiro https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6610-901X
Zenitani, Asami
Saito, Mitsuru
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22K09411)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (24K19636)
Article History
Received: 4 February 2026
Revised: 7 May 2026
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 13 May 2026
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Jikei University Hospital (Approval Nos. 35–060 (11683) and 37–050 (12687)). Informed consent was obtained using an opt-out approach.
: M.S. has a patent application pending related to the AI software used in this study. The software was developed in collaboration with Shimadzu Corporation. The other authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest.