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Authors
Krahn, Joseph
Azadian, Amin
Cavalli, Camila
Miller, Julia
Protopopova, Alexandra
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Industrial Research Chair in Animal Welfare (554745-19)
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Article History
Received: 25 April 2024
Revised: 16 September 2024
Accepted: 17 September 2024
First Online: 12 October 2024
Declarations
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: All procedures were approved by the University of British Columbia Animal Care Committee (Protocol A22-0170).
: All authors have worked and/or lived closely with dogs for many years. This work was conducted in partial fulfillment of J.K.’s master’s degree. Publishing research papers has inherent value for scientists, which may be elevated for early-career scientists (see Rawat and Meena ). The analyses of data and framing of the research were inherently influenced by the values and interests of the authors and should be considered in the interpretation of this paper.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
