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Authors
Langbein, Jan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-5431
Eggert, Anja https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-6851
Siebert, Katrin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Forschungsinstitut für Nutztierbiologie (FBN)
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Article History
Received: 4 November 2024
Revised: 17 February 2025
Accepted: 3 March 2025
First Online: 13 March 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Committee for Animal Use and Care of the Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Consumer Protection of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (approval number 7221.3-2-014/20). All animal care and experimental procedures were performed in accordance with all relevant German welfare requirements for farm animals and the ASAB/ABS Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Research (Anonymous ). Even though water was only available as a reward at the learning device in this study, this did not mean any water deprivation for the goats, as the learning device was available 24/7 and they could perform an unlimited number of actions at the learning device (see also (h) Ethical note ).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
