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Authors
Beachem, Elizabeth https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0327-9791
Ghione, Caleb https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4981-8498
Soto, Halena
van den Berg, Lisette https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2251-6000
Stanford, Craig https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4034-3208
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Southern California
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Article History
Received: 7 December 2024
Revised: 3 May 2025
Accepted: 3 May 2025
First Online: 19 May 2025
Declarations
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: This research was noninvasive and strictly observational. Due to the style of this study, external animal use permits were not necessary. This research followed the guidelines set forth by the American Society of Primatologists Principles for the Ethical Treatment of Non-human Primates. All methods were approved by Apenheul Primate Park. This research adhered to the ethical guidelines of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA) and the University of Southern California.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
