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Article History

Received: 12 January 2023

Accepted: 12 March 2023

First Online: 25 March 2023

Declarations

:

: A.G. has no financial disclosure to report. E.S. received research supports from the Italian Ministry of Health (MoH) Grant: Ricerca Finalizzata 2021 (GR-2021–12374005). D.C. received research supports from the Italian Ministry of Health (MoH) Grant: Ricerca Finalizzata 2018 (GR-2018–12366005). F.A. is Associate Editor of Neuroimage: Clinical, has received speaker honoraria from Biogen Idec, Italfarmaco, Roche and Zambon, and receives or has received research supports from the Italian Ministry of Health, AriSLA (Fondazione Italiana di Ricerca per la SLA), the European Research Council and Foundation Research on Alzheimer Disease. M.F. is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Neurology, Associate Editor of Human Brain Mapping, Neurological Sciences, and Radiology; received compensation for consulting services from Alexion, Almirall, Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi; speaking activities from Bayer, Biogen, Celgene, Chiesi Italia SpA, Eli Lilly, Genzyme, Janssen, Merck-Serono, Neopharmed Gentili, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, and TEVA; participation in Advisory Boards for Alexion, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sanofi-Aventis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Takeda; scientific direction of educational events for Biogen, Merck, Roche, Celgene, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lilly, Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme; he receives research support from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, Italian Ministry of Health, and Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla.

: None.

: Ethical approval was not required for this scoping review (no collection of original data).

: Not applicable