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Authors
Gabriele, Francesca
De Santis, Federico
Vittorini, Maria Grazia
D’Anna, Lucio
Merlino, Giovanni
Bax, Francesco
Ornello, Raffaele
Sacco, Simona https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0651-1939
Foschi, Matteo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Università degli Studi dell’Aquila
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Article History
Received: 17 May 2025
Accepted: 5 October 2025
First Online: 22 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study is a meta-analysis of previously published research and it was conducted in adherence to the ethical guidelines outlined by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). No new human or animal data were collected or analyzed by the authors. All included studies were conducted in accordance with ethical standards and had obtained appropriate ethical approvals and informed consent from participants, as reported in their original publications. Therefore, ethical approval for this meta-analysis was not required. Furthermore, the authors confirm that the research results have been presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation.
: Not applicable.
: Dr Ornello reports grants from Novartis; compensation from Teva Pharmaceutical Industries for other services; compensation from AbbVie for data and safety monitoring services; compensation from Teva Pharmaceutical Industries for other services; compensation from Eli Lilly and Company for other services; compensation from Novartis for other services; compensation from H. Lundbeck AS for other services; compensation from Eli LIlly for data and safety monitoring services; grants from Pfizer; grants from Allergan; travel support from Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; and compensation from Teva Pharmaceutical Industries for consultant services. Prof Sacco reports compensation from Novartis for other services; compensation from Novo Nordisk for consultant services; compensation from Boehringer Ingelheim for consultant services; compensation from Teva Pharmaceutical Industries for consultant services; compensation from Allergan for consultant services; employment by Università degli Studi dell'Aquila; compensation from Novartis for consultant services; compensation from Allergan for consultant services; compensation from PFIZER CANADA INC for consultant services; compensation from Abbott Canada for consultant services; compensation from H. Lundbeck A S for consultant services; compensation from AstraZeneca for consultant services; and compensation from Eli Lilly and Company for consultant services. The other authors report no conflicts.
