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Authors
Lin, Jonas
Mitschang, Dorothea
Sydorenko, Viktoriya
Younsi, Alexander
El Damaty, Ahmed
Dugas, Martin
Krieg, Sandro M.
Lenga, Pavlina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-0783
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medizinische Fakultät Heidelberg der Universität Heidelberg
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Article History
Received: 3 November 2025
Accepted: 22 February 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was reviewed by the ethics committee of Heidelberg University and approved with a waiver of informed consent (Approval No. S-788/2021). The waiver was granted because quantitative pupillometry is part of routine institutional clinical care and only de-identified data were analyzed. All procedures complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional regulations.
: No individual person’s data were included in this study (not applicable).
: We confirm that this manuscript conforms to the Neurocritical Care Instructions for Authors, including formatting, ethical requirements, and reporting standards.
: We confirm that this work is original, has not been published elsewhere in whole or in part, and is not under consideration by any other journal.
: We adhered to the STROBE reporting guideline for cohort studies. A completed STROBE checklist is provided as a supplementary file with the submission.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
