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Article History

Received: 28 November 2025

Accepted: 22 February 2026

First Online: 21 March 2026

Declarations

:

: This position paper does not require formal Health Ethical Approval as it does not report data collected on patients or humans.

: Human materials are not used, and expert views do not need informed consent.

: L. Gaetani has participated in advisory boards for and received writing or speaker honoraria and travel grants from Almirall, Biogen, Eisai, Euroimmun, Fujirebio, Lilly, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Siemens Healthineers, and Teva and received grant support from Airalzh Foundation AGYR2023.L. Agnello has nothing to disclose.A. Pilotto received consultancy/speaker fees from Abbvie, Angelini, Bial, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Roche and Zambon pharmaceuticals. He acts as consultant as part of advisory Board of Angelini Pharma and BIAL pharmaceutics.A. Pilotto received grant support from Airalzh Foundation AGYR2021 Life-Bio Grant, The LIMPE-DISMOV Foundation Segala Grant 2021, the Italian Ministry of University and Research PRIN COCOON (2017MYJ5TH) and PRIN 2021 RePlast (20202THZAW), PRIN 2022PNJS5Z and PRIN-PNRR (P20224ZHM9), the H2020 IMI IDEA-FAST (ID853981), Italian Ministry of Health, Grant/Award Number: RF-2018–12366209 and PNRR-Health PNRR-MAD-2022–12376110, and PNRR- MCNT2-2023–12378387, The MJFF Foundation Grant 022343.A. Benussi has received speaker honoraria from Angelini Pharma, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk; he received research grants from Airalzh, Fondazione Cariplo, the Fondation pour la Recherche sur Alzheimer, and the Italian Ministry of University & Research; he is listed as an inventor on issued patents on the use of non-invasive brain stimulation for the differential diagnosis of dementia and to increase cognitive functions in patients with neurodegenerative disorders.A. Cagnin has received speaker honoraria from Angelini Pharma, Biogen, Eisai, Eli Lilly, General Electric, NeoPharmed Gentili, Novo Nordisk.L. Parnetti served as Member of Advisory Boards for Fujirebio, IBL, Roche, and Merck.M. Bozzali has nothing to disclose.A. Padovani received grant support from Ministry of Health (MINSAL) and Ministry of Education, Research and University (MIUR), IMI H2020 initiative (IMI2-2018–15-06).M. Ciaccio has nothing to disclose.No external funding was received for the development of this position paper. No industry partners were involved in the drafting, review, or approval of the manuscript, and the content reflects an independent intersocietal consensus based on published peer review article, updated on January 15th 2026.