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Article History

Received: 27 February 2025

Accepted: 18 April 2025

First Online: 27 April 2025

Declarations

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: This retrospective study was approved as part of protocol S65588 by the Ethical Committee of University Hospitals Leuven. Need for informed consent was waived by the Ethical Committee.

: Outside of the submitted work, Simon Feys has received travel grants from Pfizer and Gilead, funding for a public doctoral defense from Pfizer, Gilead and Mundipharma, and has received a speaker’s fee from Healthbook Company Ltd. Outside the submitted work, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe reports investigator-initiated grants from Pfizer, Shionogi, bioMérieux, Menarini, Tillotts Pharma, and Gilead Italia, travel support from Pfizer, and speaker/advisor fees from Pfizer, Menarini, bioMérieux, Advanz Pharma, and Tillotts Pharma. Johan Maertens reports consulting fees from Amplyx, Cidara, Gilead, Pfizer, Scynexis, F2G, Mundipharma, Takeda, and Basilea; Honoraria for lectures from Astellas, Gilead, Basilea, Mundipharma, Takeda, MedScape, Pfizer, and Shionogi; Participation on Advisory Board from Cidara, Pulmocide, Shionogi, Basilea, Sfunga. Outside the submitted work, Joost Wauters received an institutional research fund from Pfizer; investigator-initiated grants from Pfizer, Gilead, and MSD; speakers’ and travel fees from Pfizer, Gilead, and MSD; declares participation in advisory boards of Pfizer and Gilead; and declares receipt of study drugs from MSD. Outside the submitted work, Matteo Bassetti has received funding for scientific advisory boards, travel, and speaker honoraria from Cidara, Gilead, Menarini, MSD, Mundipharma, Pfizer, Shionogi.