Dudnyk, Andrii https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8780-9480
Tytarenko, Nadiia
Andrada, Iris Romero
Lytvyniuk, Oksana
Tolstova, Olena
Millet, Joan-Pau
Casas, Xavier
Antuori, Adrian
Ciobanu, Nelly
Crudu, Valeriu
Domínguez, José
Funding for this research was provided by:
MSCA4Ukraine project (1233336)
European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement (823854)
European Cooperation Science and Technology (COST Action CA21164)
Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI19/01408, PI22/01834)
Article History
Received: 26 November 2025
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 6 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval was obtained from the independent ethics committees at each clinical site where patients were recruited: National Pirogov Memorial Medical University (protocol №5, 03.07.2018); Regional Center of Socially Significant Diseases (protocol N1232, 11.07.2018); Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital (PI19/01408); and PMSI Institute of Pneumology “Chiril Draganiuc” (protocol NºI4TB, 24.06.2019). All patients provided written informed consent prior to sample collection and study participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.