Mathiesen, Ingeborg https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-1965
Haldorsen, Bjørg Christina https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1743-6407
Småbrekke, Lars https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6475-3368
Matuschek, Erika https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8163-3667
Skjold, Frode
Holzknecht, Barbara Juliane https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0320-5242
Helgason, Kristján Orri
Ilmavirta, Heikki
Kahlmeter, Gunnar
Sundsfjord, Arnfinn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3728-2270
Hegstad, Kristin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1314-0497
,
Funding for this research was provided by:
UiT The Arctic University of Norway
Article History
Received: 10 April 2026
Accepted: 27 May 2026
First Online: 4 June 2026
Declarations
:
: The study did not use any patient information and was based solely on testing bacterial isolates collected at the Norwegian Centre for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance. Thus, ethics approval was not necessary.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.