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Integrated electrochemical and nano-bubble remediation of oil-contaminated beach sand: a comparative study of efficiency, energy, and cost

Published Online: 2026-04-09

Published Print: 2026-05

Authors

Karbassi, A. R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9408-908X
Habibifard, A. R.

Tahery, S.
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-04-09

Version of Record valid from 2026-04-09
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Article History

Received: 19 December 2025

Accepted: 15 February 2026

First Online: 9 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

: All sampling procedures were conducted under permits from the Department of Environment of Iran and complied with national regulations for the protection of marine ecosystems.

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