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Article History

Received: 7 April 2025

Accepted: 11 July 2025

First Online: 16 July 2025

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by The Ethics Committee of the Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College [2025 (074)]. The animal experiment plan complied with the principles of animal protection, animal welfare and ethics, and it complied with the relevant regulations of the national laboratory animal welfare ethics.

: Informed consent for procedure, photos and publication was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.