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Authors
Kurokawa, Yukinori
Doki, Yuichiro
Mizusawa, Junki
Kawabata, Kota
Nomura, Takashi
Tsuji, Kunihiro
Lee, Sang-Woong
Cho, Haruhiko
Hihara, Jun
Hiki, Naoki
Nunobe, Souya
Boku, Narikazu
Terashima, Masanori
Yoshikawa, Takaki
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The University of Osaka
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Article History
Received: 26 March 2026
Accepted: 19 May 2026
First Online: 10 June 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: Yukinori Kurokawa and Yuichiro Doki have received research funding from Taiho Pharmaceutical and Yakult Honsha, and lecture fees from Taiho Pharmaceutical, Ono Pharmaceutical, Bristol Myers Squib, MSD, Astellas Pharma, KAKEN Pharmaceutical, and Daiichi Sankyo outside of the submitted work. Junki Mizusawa has received lecture fees from Taiho Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical and Merck Biopharma outside of the submitted work; His spouse is an employee of Pfizer. Masanori Terashima has received lecture fees from Taiho Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Ono Pharmaceutical, Bristol Myers Squib, Yakult Honsha, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, and Daiichi Sankyo outside of the submitted work. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the Japanese Clinical Trials Act and the related regulations and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Informed consent to be included in the study was obtained from all patients.
