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Article History

Received: 23 December 2025

Revised: 26 February 2026

Accepted: 13 March 2026

First Online: 2 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Tianjin Third Central Hospital (Approval No. IRB2025-061–01). All procedures involving human participants were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee, as well as the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.