Di Pierro, Francesco
Sagheddu, Valeria
Galletti, Serena
Casaroli, Alice
Soldi, Sara
Bertuccioli, Alexander
Palazzi, Chiara Maria
Senatori, Roberto
Carugno, Andrea
Antipov, Maxim Olegovich
Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich
Zerbinati, Nicola
Article History
Received: 15 September 2026
Revised: 30 September 2026
Accepted: 1 October 2026
First Online: 7 October 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: Francesco Di Pierro is Scientific Director of PharmExtracta S.p.A., which commercializes a product containing Lactobacillus crispatus M247. Valeria Sagheddu, Serena Galletti, Alice Casaroli and Sara Soldi are employees of Advanced Analytical Technologies S.r.l. (AAT), which owns L. crispatus M247. Alexander Bertuccioli is a consultant to PharmExtracta S.p.A. Roberto Senatori has received honoraria from PharmExtracta S.p.A. for educational seminars for physicians. Chiara Maria Palazzi, Andrea Carugno, Maxim Olegovich Antipov, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko and Nicola Zerbinati declare no competing interests.