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Article History

Received: 4 December 2020

Revised: 9 February 2021

Accepted: 8 April 2021

First Online: 20 April 2021

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was approved by the regional ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki (No. O-0824).

: Informed consent was provided before intervention by each patient and his/her nearest family member.

: Patient consent was also obtained for publication of images or other clinical information of the patient in a medical publication, journal, website, medical book, or other forms of publication with maximum efforts to conceal his/her identity. All authors of this manuscript also consent to the publication of the manuscript in Neurosurgical Review journal.

: The authors declare no competing interests.