Oya, Soichi
Ikawa, Fusao
Ichihara, Nao
Wanibuchi, Masahiko
Akiyama, Yukinori
Nakatomi, Hirofumi
Mikuni, Nobuhiro
Narita, Yoshitaka
Article History
Accepted: 29 November 2022
First Online: 9 December 2022
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the institutional review board of Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University (No. 1527-IV), and by the Japan Neurosurgical Society (No. 2019007). The requirement for written informed consent from patients was waived by the above-mentioned boards owing to the use of retrospective anonymized data.
: The requirement for written informed consent from patients for publication was waived owing to the use of retrospective anonymous data. Patients were given the opportunity to opt out of the study on our hospital website.
: All reported analyses involving human participants in this study were performed in accordance with the ethical standards established in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
: The authors declare no competing interests.