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Article History

Received: 27 April 2025

Revised: 31 August 2025

Accepted: 14 September 2025

First Online: 13 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye (Approval No: 2022–162). All procedures involving human participants were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Clinical trial number: not applicable. This study was an observational analysis of routine clinical care and does not meet the criteria for clinical trial registration.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants in their native language prior to enrollment. The consent process included detailed explanations of the study's purpose, procedures, and data usage.

: Participants provided explicit consent for the anonymized publication of their data, including (clinical details, images, videos, or other identifiable material). Original consent documents are retained by the authors and available for review by the journal upon request.

: All authors declare that they have no financial or non-financial conflicts of interest directly or indirectly related to this work.