Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Cavalcanti, Daniel Dutra
Figueiredo, Eberval Gadelha
de Oliveira Manduca Palmiero, Helbert https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5951-8371
Preul, Mark C.
Spetzler, Robert F.
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universidade De São Paulo
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 15 December 2025
Revised: 12 January 2026
Accepted: 6 February 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The university’s Ethics Committee approved the microsurgical cadaveric dissections. For the literature review, ethical approval and informed consent were not required because this part of the study relied solely on previously published data and did not involve new human participants or the collection of identifiable information.
: Not applicable. This study was based on cadaveric dissections and previously published studies and did not require informed consent from patients, as no new human or critical data were collected.
: The authors are the owners of the illustrations and give consent for publication in this journal.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: not applicable.
