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Authors
Chandan Reddy, Sai
Maroufi, S. Farzad
Feghali, James
Ahmed, A. Karim
Page, Nicole
Selim, Omar
Canales, Melissa
Bhandarkar, Shaan
Kramer, Patrick
Galaiya, Deepa
Ward, Bryan
Della Santina, Charles
Stewart, C. Matthew
Creighton, Francis
Carey, John
Nellis, Jason C.
Boahene, Kofi O.
Lim, Michael
Xu, Risheng
Caplan, Justin M.
Bettegowda, Chetan
Weingart, Jon
Brem, Henry
Tamargo, Rafael J.
Jackson, Christopher M.
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Article History
Received: 31 January 2026
Revised: 20 March 2026
Accepted: 31 March 2026
First Online: 15 April 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Johns Hopkins Medicine Institutional Review Board (IRB00179401).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The requirement for patient informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study. The research involved analysis of de-identified data.
