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Article History

Received: 20 April 2025

Accepted: 18 June 2025

First Online: 7 July 2025

Declarations

:

: N. Hayakawa has received institutional research funding from MSD, Chugai Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Astra Zeneca, and Janssen Pharma; Y. Endo has received honoraria for Astellas Pharma, Merck BioPharma, Nippon Kayaku, Bristol Myers Squibb, Ono Pharma, and MSD; S. Shirotake has received honoraria for Ono Pharma, and Bristol Myers Squibb; E. Kikuchi has participated in consulting or advisory roles for Astellas Pharma, Astra Zeneca, Ferring Pharma, Merck BioPharma, Janssen Pharma, Chugai Pharma, and MSD and has participated in speakers bureaus for Astellas Pharma, Astra Zeneca, Merck BioPharma, Janssen Pharma, MSD, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharma, and Nippon Kayaku, and has received institutional research funding from MSD, Chugai Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Astra Zeneca, and Janssen Pharma; W. Obara has received honoraria for Astellas Pharma, Takeda Pharma, Ono Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb, Astra Zeneca, and MSD, and has received institutional research funding from Astellas Pharma, Chugai Pharma, and Janssen Pharma. All other authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was approved through a centralized ethical review conducted by the Institutional Review Board of the St. Marianna University [Approval No. 6261 (B46)]. This centralized approval was subsequently approved by the institutional review board of Iwate Medical University (Approval No. C-IRB2023-045) and all other participating sites.

: Not applicable.

: Informed consent was obtained from participants or from the families of deceased patients using the opt-out method through publicly accessible websites.

: Not applicable.