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Article History

Received: 3 April 2025

Accepted: 10 August 2025

First Online: 28 August 2025

Declarations

:

: EI received honoraria from AstraZeneca K.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Pfizer Japan Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., ONO Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, and Boehringer Ingelheim. EI received research funding from Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K. NO received honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Boehringer-Ingelheim Japan, Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Taiho Pharmaceutical., MSD, KI received honoraria from ONO Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., AstraZeneca K.K., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited., MSD, Daiichi-Sankyo Pharmaceutical, Boehringer-Ingelheim Japan, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Taiho Pharmaceutical. HK received honoraria from AstraZeneca K.K., Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., ONO Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., MSD, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. TT received honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Boehringer-Ingelheim Japan, AstraZeneca K.K., Taiho Pharmaceutical. NT received grants and personal fees from Eli Lilly Japan, Daiichi-Sankyo Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Boehringer-Ingelheim Japan, and Ono Pharmaceutical; grants from Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd., and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; and personal fees from MSD and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Japan. NF received research funding from ONO Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., GlaxoSmithKline K.K., AstraZeneca K.K.; honoraria from ONO Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., AstraZeneca K.K., MSD, Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical, Boehringer-Ingelheim Japan. KH received honoraria from AstraZeneca K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., MSD, Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., ONO Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Boehringer-Ingelheim Japan, Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd., Amgen, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Merck & Co. Inc, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.;  research funding from MSD, AstraZeneca K.K., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Abbvie, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., ONO Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.TY received grants from AbbVie GK, AstraZeneca K.K., Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical, Boehringer-Ingelheim Japan, Daiichi-Sankyo Pharmaceutical, Delta-Fly Pharma, Inc., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., MSD, Parexel International Inc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; honoraria from AstraZeneca K.K., Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Merck Biopharma, MSD, Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd., Novartis, ONO Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. HW received honoraria from AstraZeneca K.K., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.YM received grants from Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Astellas Pharma Inc., AstraZeneca K.K., Amgen K.K., AbbVie GK, Eisai Co. Ltd, Viatris Inc., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., ONO Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., KYORIN Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., KISSEI Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co. Ltd., Gilead Sciences, Inc., KONICA MINOLTA, Inc., Sanofi K.K., Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co. Ltd., JCR Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Celgene Corporation, CSL Behring K.K., Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, TERUMO Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nippon Shinyaku Co. Ltd., Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., Pfizer Japan Inc., Pharma Essentia Corp., Mundipharma K.K., Human Life CORD Japan Inc., Meiji Seika Pharma Co. Ltd., Medical Review Co. Ltd, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., and Yakult Honsha Co. Ltd.. YM received grants from research funds under contract from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., and Nippon Shinyaku Co. Ltd.. The other authors declare no conflict of interest.