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Authors
Okuyama, Ayako https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4732-3272
Higashi, Takahiro
Abe, Masakazu
Hayashi, Toshinobu
Iihara, Hirotoshi
Iino, Keiko
Ishii, Chihiro
Okita, Kenji
Wada, Makoto
Yamamoto, Nobuyuki
Zenda, Sadamoto
Aogi, Kenjiro
Satomi, Eriko
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Grants-in-Aid for Science, Japan (23EA1035)
University of Tokyo
St. Luke's International University
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Article History
Received: 29 May 2025
Accepted: 24 September 2025
First Online: 15 October 2025
Declarations
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: Hirotoshi Iihara had a leadership position at AstraZeneca K.K., Eisai Co., Ltd., Daiichi-Sankyo Co., Ltd., and Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and received honoraria from Astellas Pharma Inc., Daiichi-Sankyo Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Sawai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., and Ohara Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.. Nobuyuki Yamamoto received honoraria from MSD K.K., Accuray Japan K.K., AstraZeneca K.K., Abbvie Inc., Amgen Inc., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guardant Health Japan Corp., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chugai Foundation for Innovative Drug Discovery Science, Lao Tsumura Co., Ltd., Terumo Corporation, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Novartis AG, Pfizer Global Supply Japan Inc., Merck Biopharma Co., Ltd, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., and USACO Corporation, as well as legal fees in case of lawsuit from Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Prime Research Institute for Medical RWD, Inc., AstraZeneca K.K., and A2 Healthcare Co.. Eriko Satomi received honoraria from Shionogi & Co., Ltd, Tsumura & Co., Daiichi-Sankyo Co., Ltd., and Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical CO., Inc..
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Center in Japan (2023–383) and the Committee of Data Use for Quality Indicator project at the National Cancer Center in Japan.
: Due to the retrospective nature of the data, the project outlines were made public to provide patients with the opportunity to decline participation according to the National Ethics Guidelines for Medical Research on Human Participants.
